S1 and S2 are the normal heart sounds you hear when the heart valves close. Heart murmurs are extra sounds that can be heard during systole, diastole, or as a continuous sound. S3 and S4 are abnormal ...

Heart sounds are produced from a specific cardiac event such as closure of a valve or tensing of a chordae tendineae. Many pathologic cardiac conditions can be diagnosed by auscultation of the heart ...

The fourth heart sound (S4), also known as the “atrial gallop,” occurs just before S1 when the atria contract to force blood into the left ventricle. If the left ventricle is noncompliant, and atrial ...

Graphical diagnostics: Signals from a normal aortic valve (left) show two separated sounds while those from a defective aortic valve (right) display diamond-shaped murmurs. The sound data were used to ...

The S3 heart sound occurs as the mitral valve opens and allows blood to fill the left ventricle passively. The sound happens as a result of blood striking the left ventricle during early diastole. An ...

IT IS possible that the existence of the heart sounds was known to Hippocrates 1 and even that he made use of his knowledge for diagnostic purposes, but William Harvey 2 seems to have been the first ...

A heart murmur is an extra sound that can occur between heartbeats as blood moves through the heart. In babies, it is usually not a cause for concern. Sometimes, however, it can indicate an underlying ...